Study of Sustainable Development in TURKEY - STUDY AND RESEARCH
STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN TURKEY
Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country in Eurasia and Middle East, located mainly in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The country is encircled by seas on three sides, with the Aegean Sea to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia and separate Europe from Asia. Ankara is the capital while Istanbul is the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre, classified as a leading global city. Approximately 70–80% of the country's citizens identify as ethnic Turks. Kurds are the largest minority at about 20% of the population.
In
ReplyDeleteTurkey, sustainable development policies are incorporated within numerous
laws, legislations, regulations, policy documents and action plans in a variety
of policy fields and sectors. Being defined as the highest-level national policy
document in Turkey, Turkey’s National Development Plan (NDP) sets out all
macro-level national policies and priorities. Turkey has first introduced the
concept of sustainable development into 7th Development Plan in 1996 after
1992 Rio Conference. During the last decade, outcomes of Rio+20 have been
harmonized with 10th Development Plan that covers 2014-2018. One of the
main principles of the 10th Development Plan is sustainable development and
the Plan is based on a “human-centered development” approach. The
content of the 10th Development Plan is placed in the context of sustainable
development. A preliminary analysis indicates that there is a high consistency
between the 10th Development Plan and the SDGs.
Turkey is an emerging donor in the field of development
ReplyDeletecooperation, and there has been a drammatical increase in the official
development assistance (ODA) provided by the country in recent years. In
2014, Turkey’s net ODA amounted to USD 3.6 billion, representing an increase
of 15% in real terms over the year 2013. The ratio of ODA as a share of GNI rose
from 0.40% in 2013 to 0.45% in 2014. Preliminary data show that ODA reached
USD 3.9 billion in 2015 (0.54% of GNI). Turkish Co-operation and Co-ordination
Agency (TIKA) designs and co-ordinates Turkey’s bilateral co-operative
activities of development and implements numerous projects in collaboration
with other ministries, NGOs and various institutions in the private sector
It is important to
ReplyDeleteenable a mutual learning environment for all countries through the sharing of
national reviews and processes. Turkey is willing to learn more about the other
countries’ experiences on how they actually managed to integrate the SDGs
and the Addis Ababa Action Plan into their own national agendas.
The aim of this report is to assess the actions which Turkey has realized during its sustainable development process, to reveal the policies which Turkey will apply in the future, to determine its national “vision” and to evaluate the possible contribution of Turkey to solve global problems. In addition, the report intends to determine Turkey’s opportunities and threats about implementing green growth as an instrument for sustainable development, and to discuss the fields which green growth may contribute to the creation of integrated policies for economy, society and environment.
ReplyDeleteMonitoring the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires a considerable amount of data. Regardless of their level of development, most countries’ statistical services demand some adaptation or improvement in an attempt to reduce, to the greatest possible extent, the current lacunae in information. In Turkey, one area that requires particular improvement is data disaggregation, especially according to social groupings, and along a rural-urban distinction that reflects a more functional understanding of this distinction. Administrative data collected during the delivery of governmental services could provide substantial amounts of relevant information; however, at present such collection processes are neither regular nor systematic. Ensuring consistency and continuity in the collection, measurement and definitions of data, as well as promoting improvements in the formulation of survey questions, could go a long way to improving the availability of information in Turkey, both for SDG monitoring and for the general design and implementation of policies and measures. While Turkey intends to follow the SDG Monitoring Road Map being developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), important work by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) on developing a Wellbeing Index is an already significant step forward towards improving the SDG monitoring in Turkey.
ReplyDeleteThroughout human history, unlimited resources were accepted. This unlimited acceptance with a growing population has led to the depletion of resources. This diminishing resource to be transferred to future generations with the aim of providing sustainable development concept has been developed. Nowadays, the concept of sustainable development is discussed in almost every area. Basically, economic, environmental and social areas are being studied. Notably the United Nations; All international organizations have set goals by working in this area. The studies for future generations basically include the same goals. In this study, the sustainable development between the Czech Republic and Turkey will be analyzed in comparative studies.
ReplyDelete
ReplyDeleteHigh-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development 2017The High-level Political Forum, United Nations central platform for follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, provides for the full and effective participation of all States Members of the United Nations and States members of specialized agencies.
"The 2030 Agenda is our roadmap and its goals and targets are tools to get there.", - Secretary-General António Guterres
VOLUNTARY NATIONAL REVIEWS
SEARCH INPUTS TO THE HLPF
INTRODUCTIONPROGRAMME PREPARATIONREGISTRATION & INFODOCUMENTATIONINPUTS & BACKGROUND NOTESVNRSVNR LABSOTHER EVENTSQ & A
THEMATIC SDG REVIEWS
Thematic reviews of progress on the Sustainable Development Goals, including cross-cutting issues and interlinkages, are an essential part of the annual session of the High-level Political Forum under the auspices of the ECOSOC.
As well as providing an update on where we stand in terms of progress on individual SDGs, thematic reviews offer critical insights into the implementation of the SDGs, while facilitating peer learning, exchange of experiences, identifying lessons learned as well as gaps.
These thematic reviews will benefit from reviews by the ECOSOC functional commissions and other intergovernmental bodies and forums.
In addition, DESA in collaboration with relevant UN-system entities and other partners will organize preparatory events such as Expert Group Meetings on the SDGs under review. The outcomes of these preparatory events will serve to inform the HLPF's deliberations.
ReplyDeleteHigh-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development 2017The High-level Political Forum, United Nations central platform for follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, provides for the full and effective participation of all States Members of the United Nations and States members of specialized agencies.
"The 2030 Agenda is our roadmap and its goals and targets are tools to get there.", - Secretary-General António Guterres
VOLUNTARY NATIONAL REVIEWS
SEARCH INPUTS TO THE HLPF
INTRODUCTIONPROGRAMME PREPARATIONREGISTRATION & INFODOCUMENTATIONINPUTS & BACKGROUND NOTESVNRSVNR LABSOTHER EVENTSQ & A
THEMATIC SDG REVIEWS
Thematic reviews of progress on the Sustainable Development Goals, including cross-cutting issues and interlinkages, are an essential part of the annual session of the High-level Political Forum under the auspices of the ECOSOC.
As well as providing an update on where we stand in terms of progress on individual SDGs, thematic reviews offer critical insights into the implementation of the SDGs, while facilitating peer learning, exchange of experiences, identifying lessons learned as well as gaps.
These thematic reviews will benefit from reviews by the ECOSOC functional commissions and other intergovernmental bodies and forums.
In addition, DESA in collaboration with relevant UN-system entities and other partners will organize preparatory events such as Expert Group Meetings on the SDGs under review. The outcomes of these preparatory events will serve to inform the HLPF's deliberations.
The aim of this report is to assess the actions which Turkey has realized during its sustainable development process, to reveal the policies which Turkey will apply in the future, to determine its national “vision” and to evaluate the possible contribution of Turkey to solve global problems. In addition, the report intends to determine Turkey’s opportunities and threats about implementing green growth as an instrument for sustainable development, and to discuss the fields which green growth may contribute to the creation of integrated policies for economy, society and environment.
ReplyDeleteThe aim of this report is to assess the actions which Turkey has realized during its sustainable development process, to reveal the policies which Turkey will apply in the future, to determine its national “vision” and to evaluate the possible contribution of Turkey to solve global problems. In addition, the report intends to determine Turkey’s opportunities and threats about implementing green growth as an instrument for sustainable development, and to discuss the fields which green growth may contribute to the creation of integrated policies for economy, society and environment.
ReplyDeleteTURKEY HAS EMPHASIZED ITS COMMITMENT IN EVERY OCCASION TO CONTRIBUTE TO A SUSTAINABLE WORLD SINCE THE ADOPTION OF AGENDA 2030. DEMONSTRATING A STRONG OWNERSHIP, TURKEY WAS AMONG THE FIRST 22 VNR PRESENTING COUNTRIES IN 2016.
ReplyDeleteImplementation of the Agenda has been started by linking SDGs with National Development Plans (NDPs) and sectoral strategies. Indeed, the concept of “sustainable development” has been embedded in the NDPs since 1996. This accumulated experience, along with strong infrastructure and institutional mechanisms provide a strong ground towards SDGs.
The Strategy and Budget Office under the Presidency, in charge of preparing NDPs, coordinated the 2019 VNR preparations. The process commenced with the highest-level political ownership, upon H.E. President Erdogan’s call on all government entities.
During the VNR, legislative and institutional framework, policies and projects were scrutinized through SDG lenses. Focus areas were identified for each SDG and targets examined systematically with a special attention to vulnerable groups. Additionally, practices that served the principle of “leaving no one behind” were elaborated under a separate heading.
The analysis reveals that most targets have been incorporated in policies, and legislation provides adequate framework for implementation. Considering policy, strategy and legislation, Turkey stands at an advanced level, while there is room for improvement in practices and projects
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), signed in 1992, lists Turkey as an industrialised developed country. The treaty obliges member countries to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, to protect and to develop sinks and to report the measures they take to prevent climate change and data about GHG emissions.
ReplyDeleteThe UNFCCC states that developing countries will get financial support from developed countries to undertake actions to tackle climate change. In the ongoing meeting, Turkey has argued that measures can be taken to reduce its GHG emissions but it needs financial and technological support. Thus, Turkey requires a change in its status from developed to developing country.